Bladder Cancer

The prognosis of bladder cancer depends on the stage of the cancer, the extent of spread, the type of tumor and the response to treatment. Diagnosing and starting treatment in the early stages can improve the prognosis. Regular follow-up and control after treatment helps to reduce the risk of disease recurrence and is important for monitoring the patient's health status.

Bladder cancer is a complex disease and its treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach. With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, it is possible to control the cancer in many patients. It is important for patients to follow the symptoms, regular medical check-ups and adhere to the treatment plan.

The treatment of bladder cancer depends on the stage of the disease, the type of cancer and the patient's general health. Treatment options include surgery (removal of the tumor), chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and targeted therapies. The treatment plan requires a multidisciplinary approach and is usually determined in collaboration with an oncologist, a surgeon and other healthcare professionals.

Cystoscopy is a medical procedure and is often used in the field of urology. In this procedure, a cystoscope, a device with a thin camera and a light source, is inserted into the urethra (urethra) to examine the inner surface of the bladder. The cystoscope is shaped like a flexible tube and has a camera at the end to view the inner surface of the bladder.

The procedure is usually performed in an examination room and can be performed under local anesthesia or light sedation. The cystoscope is inserted through the urethra and into the bladder. At this time, the doctor can carefully examine the lining of the bladder and detect any abnormalities, lesions or tumors.

Cystoscopy is used to diagnose and treat a variety of conditions. For example, it can be used to detect tumors in patients with suspected bladder cancer. It can also help diagnose other conditions in the urinary tract (stones, infections, polyps).

During the procedure, the doctor may sometimes use a liquid to get a better view of the inside of the bladder. This fluid fills the inside of the bladder, improving the clarity of the image. Efforts are made to ensure that the patient is comfortable and feels minimal discomfort during the procedure.

As a result, cystoscopy plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of many urinary tract diseases. Using this procedure, doctors can better understand patients' conditions and determine appropriate treatment plans.

The diagnosis is made through urine tests, imaging tests (ultrasonography, computed tomography), cystoscopy (a procedure to examine the inside of the bladder) and biopsy.

Symptoms of bladder cancer usually include blood in the urine, frequent urination, burning or pain when urinating, a feeling of obstruction in the urinary tract and pelvic pain. 

There are many factors that cause bladder cancer. One of the most common causes is smoking. The risk of bladder cancer is higher in smokers than in non-smokers. In addition, occupational exposures (substances such as paint, chemicals, asbestos), genetic factors and some infections can also lead to bladder cancer.

Bladder cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when the cells lining the lining of the bladder multiply uncontrollably. This is usually caused by damage or mutations in the DNA of the cells. Bladder cancer can occur in different types and is classified according to certain characteristics of the cancer cells.

The bladder is an important part of the urinary tract and is responsible for storing and emptying urine, the body's waste product. The bladder collects urine from the kidneys and allows voluntary urination at the appropriate time. Urine is pushed through the bladder by the contraction of the bladder's muscles and excreted out of the body through the urethra.