Varicocele

Varicocele treatment is usually aimed at relieving symptoms, preventing complications and improving fertility (infertility). Treatment options include medications, surgery and procedures such as embolization. Here is a description of varicocele treatment methods:

• Medication: Painkillers or anti-inflammatory drugs can be used to relieve the symptoms of varicocele. These medications can reduce pain and relieve swelling, but are not usually an effective method of treating varicocele.
• Surgical Treatment: Surgical intervention is the most commonly used method of treating varicocele. In this procedure, the enlarged veins in the varicocele are tied or closed with a small incision, usually made under the scrotum or in the groin area. This restores blood flow and can help reduce symptoms. Surgery is usually performed under local or general anesthesia and can usually be treated on an outpatient basis.
• Embolization: In this method, a radiologist tries to block the veins by injecting a substance through a catheter into the enlarged veins in the varicocele. This procedure is generally considered less invasive than surgery and may require a shorter recovery time. However, embolization may not be as effective as surgery and, in some cases, may be repeatable.

The choice of varicocele treatment is made depending on a number of factors, such as the patient's symptoms, age, health status and effects on fertility. The treatment plan is determined by a specialist specific to the patient's condition. It is important to consult a urologist or andrologist to learn more about treatment options and to determine the most appropriate option.

Varicocele is detected by palpation and graded according to examination findings. The diagnosis is usually made by examination, but scrotal Doppler ultrasonography can be performed if necessary. Sperm analysis may also be performed to support the diagnosis.

Although the exact cause of varicocele is not known, factors that increase intra-abdominal pressure (such as engaging in heavy sports, chronic constipation, chronic cough, prolonged standing) are thought to play a role in varicocele formation.

Varicocele usually manifests itself with symptoms such as pain, swelling and swelling of the testicle and shrinkage of the testicle. The pain can be uncomfortable and pronounced in the testicular area. Over time, the enlarged veins in the testicles may become so prominent that they can be seen from the outside. In addition, varicocele may cause a decrease in testicle size in the future.

In the general population, 15-20% of men have varicocele. However, varicocele is detected in approximately 30-40% of those who consult a doctor with infertility.

Varicocele is a varicose vein-like enlargement of the veins that drain blood from the testicles. Although it is usually seen on the left side (90%), it can rarely occur on the right side. The reason why it is more common on the left side is related to the anatomical structure and course of the vein on the left side.